War Terminology & Origin
bomb (n.)
1580s, from French bombe, from Italian bomba, probably from Latin bombus "a deep, hollow noise; a buzzing or booming sound," from Greek bombos "deep and hollow sound," echoic. Originally of mortar shells, etc.; modern sense of "explosive device placed by hand or dropped from airplane" is 1909. Meaning "old car" is from 1953. Meaning "success" is from 1954 (late 1990s slang the bomb "the best" is probably a fresh formation); opposite sense of "a failure" is from 1963. The bomb "atomic bomb" is from 1945
The word bomb originated from French, Italian and Latin (borrowing)The word bomb, previously used to describe a sound (adjective), was used as a noun to describe an explosive (conversion).
Bomb was also used as slang, this is known as (amelioration) as it was used in a positive way. Therefore there were multiple new meanings of bomb (broadening)
Soldier (n.)
c.1300, souder, from Old French soudier, soldier "one who serves in the army for pay,"from Medieval Latin soldarius "a soldier" (source also of Spanish soldado, Italian soldato), literally "one having pay," from Late Latin soldum, extended sense of accusative of Latin solidus, name of a Roman gold coin ).
The -l- has been regular in English since mid-14c., in imitation of Latin. Willie and Joe always say sojer in the Bill Mauldin cartoons, and this seems to mirror 16c.-17c. spellingssojar, soger, sojour. Modern French soldat is borrowed from Italian and displaced the older French word; one of many military (and other) terms picked up during the Italian Wars in early 16c.; such as alert, arsenal, colonel, infantrie, sentinel.Old slang names for military men circa early 19c. include mud-crusher "infantryman," cat-shooter "volunteer," fly-slicer "cavalryman," jolly gravel-grinder "marine."
(borrowing); based on the French term 'soudier' also meaning someone who serves in the Army. soldier also originated from Latin, Spanish and Italain. the meaning of the word soldier also changes from a roman gold coin.(broadening)
"small explosive shell," 1590s, earlier "pomegranate" (1520s), from Middle French grenade "pomegranate" (16c.), earlier grenate (12c.), from Old French pomegrenate (influenced by Spanish granada); so called because the many-seeded fruit suggested the powder-filled, fragmenting bomb, or from similarities of shape.
Grenade meant pomegranate in French (borrowing). It was then recognised as a small bomb, this is deterioration as it then develops a negative meaning. As the meaning changes the language change can also bee seen as broadening.
Army (n.)
late 14c., "armed expedition," from Old French armée (14c.) "armed troop, armed expedition," from Medieval Latin armata "armed force," from Latin armata, fem. of armatus"armed, equipped, in arms," past participle of armare "to arm," literally "act of arming," related to arma "tools, arms" . Originally used of expeditions on sea or land; the specific meaning "land force" first recorded 1786. Transferred meaning "host, multitude" is c.1500.the word army again oringinates from the french term 'armee' and the Latin term 'armate'; this is an example of borrowing.
http://etymonline.com/
Shahira - a good range of interesting etymologies but this looks cut-and-paste to me. Where is the bibliography? And where is the analysis applying broadening, pejoration etc to the ways these words have changed diachronically? Please complete the task as set which was to research the words coined and then present an anlaysis of what/how/why/how they have changed using terminology from Language Change.
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